Penn State researchers in the Earth and Environmental Systems Institute (EESI) spent the weekend of Jan. 12-13 performing geophysical logging at the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory with Bradley Carr, an expert in near-surface geophysics and assistant research scientist at the University of Wyoming. The researchers ran eight tests over two days to identify fractures in and the composition of the Shale Hills bedrock. Instruments used included an optical televiewer to take 360-degree photos of the borehole wall, a spectral gamma tool to measure and identify sources of radiation, a ten-foot sonic tool that uses sonic waves to identify and measure factures and holes, and a heat-pulse flowmeter that measures fluid flow rates. The team used new tools and took advantage of Carr’s expertise to better interpret the logging data. Penn State researchers involved in the testing included postdoctoral scholar Xin Gu, first-year PhD student Andrew Shaughnessy, and Brandon Forsythe, EESI researcher and watershed specialist.